which of the following is a rite of intensification?

A primarily foraging-based subsistence strategy, A. B. A situation in which a woman has more than one husband at the same time, B. Religious beliefs are an important element of social control because these beliefs help to define acceptable behaviors as well as punishments, including supernatural consequences, for misbehavior. The term anti-structure, coined by Victor Turner refers to: Equalitarian relationships during the ritual process. Colonized cultures underwent radical alteration. D. Strong differentiation between the home and the outside world. Population pressure is high. Which of the following statements about the incest taboo is true? Although the ritual has not yet had its intended transformative effect, the participants continue the ritual. C. a resistance method practiced in small-scale societies. D. Members of descent groups are called affines, while members of nuclear families are called consanguines. A. Which of the following is a characteristic shared by most present-day foragers? Which of the following is not typical of state societies? E. accumulation of wealth. D. They use their land intensively and continuously. E. They adopted foraging after abandoning more advanced subsistence strategies. D. shame and ridicule as a method of resistance. D. descent groups include only the children of the groups men. What term refers to the practice of marrying a person outside of the group to which one belongs? Rebirth in a human form is considered good fortune because humans have the ability to control their own thoughts and behaviors. belief in a single all-powerful deity. Sex roles B. A. C. patrilocality. Tensegrity. Liminal The rite of intensification is designed to dramatize and reaffirm the social network of a culture. When the author began researching among the Betsileo in Madagascar, why did the villagers run away from him? A shift to agriculture has recently taken place. This stressful time helps to build bonds between the boys that will follow them through their lives as adult men. A. E. A situation in which a man has more than one wife at the same time. Political institutions are totally separate from economic institutions. What have recent cross-cultural studies of gender roles demonstrated? Believers place their hands on the shoulders or head of the congregant who seeks healingwhether from social, mental, or physical distressin the belief that with fervent prayer and physical contact, the Holy Spirit can move from one individual to another to strengthen, heal, and anoint them with Gods grace. C. Descent groups are permanent, while nuclear families are not. Communal events 2. often seasonal 3. Verified answer. C. Individuals differ in every society on the nature, range, and intensity of their sexual interests. 10.4: Elements of Religion - Rules and Rituals is shared under a CC BY-NC license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts. E. the public-domestic dichotomy is minor or nonexistent. What is an ascribed status? \$3620 \times 9\% $36209%. Which of the following statements about agriculturalists is true? Individual actions have effects on ones karma. To accomplish this, men from the community construct wooden towers sixty to eighty feet high, tie ropes made from tree vines around their ankles, and jump head-first toward the ground (Figure 5). D. They live in marginal environments. Which of the following is not associated with the market principle? In a wedding ceremony in the United States, the white color of the wedding dress is a traditional symbol of purity. Define ritual. A. There are many categories of ritual: commemoration feasts or rituals (e.g., Christmas or Hannukah), which are usually held over a calendrical cycle, usually a year; divinatory rites to find the causes of illness, ask for healing, or prophesy about the future, which usually occur on an as-needed basis; and rites of rebellion, in which social rules and norms may be inverted to emphasize their value within a society. C. They formerly felt they had everything they needed, but now many people desire cash. Profit motive B. 31.The transition that is effected in a rite of passage is comparable to: A.social death and rebirth. [36]. Arnold Van Gennep, The Rites of Passage (Hove, UK: Psychology Press, 1960). A big man has supporters in multiple villages. Reincorporation Ceremony. Which of the following statements about shifting cultivation is true? E. The Basseri and Qashqai were two of the age sets in Melanesian society. Consider the following: a. the problem of gridlock b. the increase in the size of the United States. D.close exposure to the heat of a fire. Rites of intensification (Social) Rite that functions to reinforce the belief system and values of society. A. Melanesia. then you must include on every physical page the following attribution: If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a digital format, Like many rituals, land diving has several goals. D. symbiosis. D. The more women contribute to the domestic sphere, the more publicly recognized power they achieve. Shaman. Step over them seven times to ward off evil spirits. D. It was an important causal factor in the origin of the state. In Xhosa communities in South Africa, teenage boys were traditionally transitioned to manhood using a series of acts that moved them through each of the three ritual stages. In Malinowski's research, Trobriand Islanders relied on three sources of information to guide them in their daily activities: religion, magic and science. B. the way that pantribal sodalities are formed. a. all the answer provided are part of the rite of passage (Correct). [39] Revitalization rituals, which also often follow periods of crisis in a community, are ambitious attempts to resolve serious problems, such as war, famine, or poverty through a spiritual or supernatural intervention. How does horticulture differ from agriculture? C. unwed adolescent parenthood. A. A. What kind of social unit is common among foragers? What term do social scientists use to refer to the socially approved use of power? D. They were afraid that if he took pictures of them, it would capture their souls. Tribe, What is a big man? C. It is not significant in urban industrial societies. B. not all cultures define incest the same way. An MNC is. B. an unconscious protest against stressful and exploitive working conditions. C. the market principle. A) historically, arbitration has been used to resolve disputes over contractual rights. [38] A second type of ritual is a rite of intensification, actions designed to bring a community together, often following a period of crisis. Both the preparations for the land diving and the festivities that follow are a powerful rite of intensification. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.org. 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Cosmologies and the Supernatural, http://www.smithsonianmag.com/people-places/in-john-they-trust-109294882/?no-ist=&page=1, Perspectives: An Open Invitation to Cultural Anthropology, Naming ceremony, Baptism, Dedication ceremony, Bar and Bat Mitzvahs, Quinceera, Communion, Graduation, Victor Turner, Symbols in African Ritual. Class stratification C. Boundary maintenance systems. are not subject to the Creative Commons license and may not be reproduced without the prior and express written They retain their power by maintaining strong ties with the commoner class. This book uses the B. A. Which of the following is an example of a matrilineal-matrifocal society? Which of the following statements about sexual orientation is not true? D. civil strife. B. patriarchy. On the third day, she and her mother will bake a corn cake called an alkaan, and then, led by a Navajo medicine man or woman, they will sing prayer songs all night until the sunrise. B. balanced reciprocity. E. Village head is a permanent political office, while big man is a temporary position. Distinguish between the different types of ritual. A. A. All humans were foragers until approximately. D. Turkey will not be accepted into the European Union if they do not allow polygyny. They generally work less than horticulturalists. C. A village head is a band leader, while a big man is a tribal leader. Rite of passage imprints the change in a persons social status, such as a marriage certificate. A. A. E. women achieving status in a tribal society. When asked to explain his continued faith, one village elder explained: You Christians have been waiting 2,000 years for Jesus to return to Earth, and you havent given up hope.[44] This John Frum custom is sometimes called a cargo cult, a term used to describe rituals that seek to attract material prosperity. In Perspectives: An Open Invitation to Cultural Anthropology, 2nd Edition, Society for Anthropology in Community Colleges, 2020, under CC BY-NC 4.0. - liminality (or transitional) stage. a ritual that is required to be performed by a religious authority. Women who wanted too much heterosexual intercourse were viewed as witches. A. Incest B. Exogamy, The gift that a wifes group gives to her husbands family is known as. E. the lack of a clear public-domestic dichotomy contributes to reduced gender inequality. What term refers to the tasks and activities that a culture assigns to the sexes? A. Nomadism B. Migration. A. mana. B. inheritance of land and prestige through female lines. B. the market principle, redistribution, and reciprocity. All peasants A. produce food without elaborate technology. E. Most economic activity takes place far from home. A. A. Neolocality B. Patrilocality. C. The dowry of a second wife is too expensive. Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License . Rites of passage and rites of intensification can play an important role in a community by helping to build a sense of unity and purpose. 1999-2023, Rice University. Clan B. Lineage, C. Extended family D. Family of procreation. First identified by anthropologist Arnold van Gennep in 1909, rites of passage mark social transformations in peoples lives and establish a change in social status within their communities. E. the idea that child care is a womans responsibility. There are literally hundreds of different methods of divination. Anthropologist Victor Turner (1969) discusses in detail the significance of liminality in rites of passage. Which of the following statements about gender differences among tropical and semitropical foragers is true? Some are primarily performed to affirm, strengthen, and maintain solidarity within the group; some are social markers of life transformations for individuals, families, or groups; and others address healing and the need for renewal. a separation from the old identity; typically there is a symbolic behavior signifying the detachment of the individual from the old identity. Which of the following statements is true regarding arbitration? Neglecting compounding and changes in principal, estimate your monthly savings with the \mathrm {ARM} ARM during the first year on a \$ 150,000 $150,000 loan. The ritual is intended to attract John Frum, and the material wealth he controls, back to the island. belief in multiple gods. It increases the number of individuals that one can rely on in times of need. What is the basis of political organization in states? Among foragers A. men excel under harsh living conditions and therefore accrue vastly more prestige than women. A. C. descent groups include only the children of the groups women. D. It was permitted to take place only in a couples residence. D. Rites of passage only worsen the anxieties caused by other aspects of religion. Although the John Frum ritual is focused on commodities, or cargo, the term cargo cult is generally not preferred by anthropologists because it oversimplifies the complex motivations involved in the ritual. All rites of revitalization originate in difficult or even catastrophic circumstances. Anthropologists view sexual orientation as learned, malleable, and culturally constructed. A. Ceremonies that help the group cope together with a crisis, such as an epidemic, are rites of: . After the ceremony, she is reintroduced to her community as a woman and not a child; she is now considered a young adult. E. Incest was not documented in classic ethnographies and has only recently been the focus of research in anthropology. Verified answer. C. The Basseri big man (tonowi) could enforce his decisions, whereas the Qashqai village head could only lead by example. Actions designed to bring a community together, often following a period of crisis. B. an adaptation to poverty. A symbiotic relationship existed between the Basseri, who were nomadic pastoralists, and the Qashqai, who were horticulturalists. They can also be a way for people to connect with their heritage and culture. Which of the following statements about leaders in foraging bands is true? Strong differentiation between spheres of exchange B. A. generalized reciprocity. A. Marriages become more volatile. Attempts to resolve serious problems, such as war, famine or poverty through spiritual or supernatural intervention. D. a castrated man. While nonbelievers might refer to rites of affliction as superstition, a belief or practice that has no credible evidence for its efficacy, for believers, these religious rites allow them to plead for help and sometimes control the outcome of threatening life events. Strong differentiation between the secular and the sacred C. Strong differentiation between elite and commoners D. Strong differentiation between the home and the outside world, E. Strong differentiation between local and international trade. Biological differences between males and females, other than contrasts in breasts and genitals, is known as A. sex. a sacred impersonal force existing in the universe, residing in people, plants, animals, and objects. Which of the following is not one of the adaptive strategies included in Cohens typology? Subscribe to America's largest dictionary and get thousands more definitions and advanced searchad free! D. The Qashqai authority structure was more complex and hierarchical than that of the Basseri. You must there are over 200,000 words in our free online dictionary, but you are looking for one thats only in the Merriam-Webster Unabridged Dictionary. Family of procreation B. It is not unusual in state religions for these rites to create unity among believers across cultures and nation-states. A. Beliefs and rituals can, ironically, both diminish and create anxiety and a sense of insecurity and danger. In "Baseball Magic" Gmelch notes that fetishes are often associated with baseball magic. E. postmarriage residence tends to be patrilocal. C. The way production is organized in a society, When a tenant farmer gives 20 percent of his crop to his landlord, he is allocating resources to a. C. Relations of production, distribution, and consumption are social relations with economic aspects. 2023. In the film El sebou: An Egyptian Birth Ritual, the twin babies are in which stage of this rite of passage (following van Gennep and Turner) before being "winnowed"? OpenStax is part of Rice University, which is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit. [41]. B. not all cultures define incest the same way. Describe how ritual reinforces social solidarity. The hajj is one of the five pillars, or primary tenets, of Islam. B. Womens work usually contributes more to the diet than does mens work; consequently, there is less gender stratification. Serial polyandry, C. Filial marriage D. Levirate marriage E. Polygynous marriage, The anthropological term for a socially recognized mother is. B. male migration. E. All political power is based on religion. Examples of rites of intensification? Reincarnation, the idea that a living being can begin another life in a new body after death, is a feature of several religions. C. increased regulation of interpersonal relations. The term is generally not preferred by anthropologists. One notable example is a ritual that developed on the island of Tanna in the South Pacific. D. The former is labor-intensive, while the latter is land-intensive. D. It is reinforced in American society by women working both inside and outside the home. C. a discrepancy between external and internal genitals. A. What is the name of the custom in which a widow marries the brother of her deceased husband? The OpenStax name, OpenStax logo, OpenStax book covers, OpenStax CNX name, and OpenStax CNX logo E. They thought he was a vampire. World War II, C. Voting rights for women D. Inflation E. The Womens Rights Movement. C. tend to maintain social distinctions between groups. Achieved status. What is an age set? A. horticulture. Tanna was one of these locations and this formerly isolated community experienced an extremely rapid transformation as the U.S. military introduced modern conveniences such as electricity and automobiles. Rites of affliction, first described by vary greatly depending on the need. Some examples include scapulimancy (burning the shoulder blade of a cow or antelope and reading a message in the burn pattern), tasseomancy (reading tea leaves at the bottom of a cup), oomancy (rubbing an egg over an area of illness or pain and then breaking it open to read a pattern), bibliomancy (randomly opening the Bible or another book and seeking a message in whatever passage is on that page), reading tarot cards, and checking astrological signs. The objects and activities involved in rituals stand in for or mean more than what they actually are. 29.Among the Ju/'hoansi, consciousness is a sign that: D.the soul and body are reunited. A. The firm is in the 40% tax bracket. C. Big men typically are war leaders and as such they must maintain a supply of grievance gifts to compensate the families of warriors who die under their command. What term is used to refer to a nonhuman apical ancestor of a clan? A feeling of camraderie among participants in ritual processes is known as: Communitas. B. Womens work usually contributes more to the diet than does mens work; consequently, there is less gender stratification. A. hegemony working to eliminate resistance. 10 million years ago. A. European immigration around 1900 B. false. An offering is: a. an economic exchange designed to influence the supernatural Find the percentage. Start your free trial today and get unlimited access to America's largest dictionary, with: Rite of intensification. Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/rite%20of%20intensification. animism. D. Foraging, horticultural, pastoral, and industrial societies all have similar attitudes regarding gender roles. The internalization of a dominant ideology is A. a method of chiefly redistribution. B. C. a discrepancy between external and internal genitals.. C. Gender stratification is generally reduced when the domestic and public spheres are not sharply separated. A. B. inherited status. He was associated with the schoolteachers, whom no one trusted.
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which of the following is a rite of intensification? 2023