(d) Canada In the humanities, one sense of culture as an attribute of the individual has been the degree to which they have cultivated a particular level of sophistication in the arts, sciences, education, or manners. Thus a contrast between "culture" and "civilization" is usually implied in these authors, even when not expressed as such. Germany These communicators represent what kind of culture? For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. New York: J.P. Putnam's Son, Jackson, Y. Encyclopedia of Multicultural Psychology, p. 203, Kant, Immanuel. 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This strain of thinking has some influence from the Frankfurt School, but especially from the structuralist Marxism of Louis Althusser and others. Group of answer choices (a) England (b) China (c) Germany (d) Canada 2) All of the following have been victims of trademark trolling in China EXCEPT Group of answer choices (a) Justin Bieber (b) Volkswagen (c) Michael Jordan (d) Tesla 3 . c. Culture is the basis of self-identity and community. [3] Cultures are internally affected by both forces encouraging change and forces resisting change. This website helped me pass! c.Social media offers very little potential for intercultural engagement. The second covers the variables that represent the "social orientation" of societies, i.e., the attitudes and lifestyles of their members. The most important cultural dimension is. Another individual, a Japanese-American business executive, described the culture as one that values relationships over transactions. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. According to Karl von Habsburg, President of Blue Shield International, the destruction of cultural assets is also part of psychological warfare. d. Japan. High-context Although anthropologists worldwide refer to Tylor's definition of culture,[32] in the 20th century "culture" emerged as the central and unifying concept of American anthropology, where it most commonly refers to the universal human capacity to classify and encode human experiences symbolically, and to communicate symbolically encoded experiences socially. Because of social media, communicators can now reach out to larger and more varied audiences than in the past. Accepting only a monoculture in a social group can bear risks, just as a single species can wither in the face of environmental change, for lack of functional responses to the change. Finally, globalization has had both positive and negative impacts on the culture, providing opportunities for cultural exchange but also posing challenges for preserving a high context culture. c. d. UNESCO and its partner organizations such as Blue Shield International coordinate international protection and local implementation. d.comes from an orderly system of government and laws. d. Most Americans communicate with business associates at approximately 1 feet. Thompson, and Raymond Williams, and later that of Stuart Hall and others at the Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies at the University of Birmingham. These include expressive forms like art, music, dance, ritual, religion, and technologies like tool usage, cooking, shelter, and clothing. increasing levels of management. [15], Cultural invention has come to mean any innovation that is new and found to be useful to a group of people and expressed in their behavior but which does not exist as a physical object. Which of the following countries would likely view a business contract as a binding document? Communicators from North America, Scandinavia, and Germany tend to be logical, analytical, and action oriented. Relying on context and feeling 35. Japan Which of the following is a common trait of a business communicator from a low-context culture? The level of cultural sophistication has also sometimes been used to distinguish civilizations from less complex societies. c. (b) Volkswagen 2009) = Lascaux and Preservation Issues in Subterranean Environments: Proceedings of the International Symposium (Paris, February 26 and 27), ditions de la Maison des sciences de l'homme, 360 p. Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict, Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions, Honour Cultures of honour and cultures of law, "Repositioning culture for development: women and development in a Nigerian rural community", "Why China Loves American Chain Restaurants So Much", Stephen Wolfram (May 16, 2017) A New Kind of Science: A 15-Year View, "Biography of Adolf Bastian, ethnologist", "What is Anthropology? Which of the following countries represents a high-context culture? and how much they try to avoid them is known as: ______ United States b. Germany c. Norway d. Japan ANSWER: RATIONALE: Japan, along with China and Arab countries, is a high-context culture.d. Collectivism II: (In-Group) The degree to which individuals express pride, loyalty, and cohesiveness in their organizations or families. Developers of social media should use the same design principles for all audiences. Thus in military culture, valor is counted a typical behavior for an individual and duty, honor, and loyalty to the social group are counted as virtues or functional responses in the continuum of conflict. Cultural sociology was then reinvented in the English-speaking world as a product of the cultural turn of the 1960s, which ushered in structuralist and postmodern approaches to social science. Collectivistic: High-context cultures are generally collectivist culturesthey place a higher value on the good of an entire group of people than on any one individual. [2] comes from an orderly system of government and laws. 3) Such hierarchical perspectives on culture are also found in class-based distinctions between a high culture of the social elite and a low culture, popular culture, or folk culture of the lower classes, distinguished by the stratified access to cultural capital. Still, in this context, it refers to the replacement of traits of one culture with another, such as what happened to certain Native American tribes and many indigenous peoples across the globe during the process of colonization. Franz Boas (18581942) was trained in this tradition, and he brought it with him when he left Germany for the United States. His employees are continually late to work and it is affecting appointment workflow. 2) a. Theme: Newsup by Themeansar. Furthermore, cultural norms such as politeness, humility, and respect for authority are deeply ingrained in the culture. teaches its members how to behave and conditions their reactions. Create your account. 1) Which of the following countries is considered a high-context culture? Employers rank soft skills as less valuable than hard skills. It complements the findings from the first volume with in-country leadership literature analyses, interview data, focus group discussions, and formal analyses of printed media to provide in-depth descriptions of leadership theory and leader behavior in those 25 cultures. Because members of a low-context culture such as Germany consider words in contracts to be precise, important, and constant, they view contracts differently than will members of high-context cultures like Mexico, Greece, and Japan. The main focus of an orthodox Marxist approach concentrates on the production of meaning. Immanuel Kant (17241804) formulated an individualist definition of "enlightenment" similar to the concept of bildung: "Enlightenment is man's emergence from his self-incurred immaturity. Diverse organizations create products demanded by consumers and experience improved employee relationships and increased productivity. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you Some schools of philosophy, such as Marxism and critical theory, have argued that culture is often used politically as a tool of the elites to manipulate the proletariat and create a false consciousness. Anthropologist Edward T. Hall first discussed high-context culture in his 1976 book titled Beyond Culture. During the Romantic era, scholars in Germany, especially those concerned with nationalist movementssuch as the nationalist struggle to create a "Germany" out of diverse principalities, and the nationalist struggles by ethnic minorities against the Austro-Hungarian Empiredeveloped a more inclusive notion of culture as "worldview" (Weltanschauung). The British version of cultural studies had originated in the 1950s and 1960s, mainly under the influence of Richard Hoggart, E.P. The notion that they hold unique beliefs. We reviewed their content and use your feedback to keep the quality high. As such, high-context cultures tend to cater to the development and promotion of ingroups, which are groups that we belong to and are loyal to, including families, cultures, and religious congregations. a. Norway b. Germany c . Trompenaars' Cultural Dimensions Model & Examples | 7 Dimensions of Culture, Methods to Increase the Accuracy of Impressions, Cross-Cultural Interactions & Relationships in Agile Organizations, Hofstede's Uncertainty Avoidance | Culture, Example & Index, Developing an Audience-Centered Presentation, Long-Term vs. Short-Term Orientation | Hofstede, Culture & Concept, Resistance in Turkey and India Between World Wars. War or competition over resources may impact technological development or social dynamics. 31. Humans acquire culture through the learning processes of enculturation and socialization, which is shown by the diversity of cultures across societies. For example, the U.S. feminist movement involved new practices that produced a shift in gender relations, altering both gender and economic structures. McClenon, James. Kim, Uichol (2001). [12][13], The word is used in a general sense as the evolved ability to categorize and represent experiences with symbols and to act imaginatively and creatively. Being better ability to create the products desired by consumers 1784. Instead, you move from project to project, joining a new team and project when your current project is, You prepare notes for a staff meeting to present potential solutions to the lingering problem. Ethnocentrism is the oversimplified perception of a behavioral pattern or characteristic applied to all groups. [31] In the process, he redefined culture as a diverse set of activities characteristic of all human societies. A further and recent approach is comparative cultural studies, based on the disciplines of comparative literature and cultural studies.[51]. Which of the following countries would be considered individualistic cultures: Which of the following countries would be considered low-context cultures: The degree to which members of a culture feel threatened by ambiguous . This included overtly political, left-wing views, and criticisms of popular culture as "capitalist" mass culture; it absorbed some of the ideas of the Frankfurt School critique of the "culture industry" (i.e. Presence technology, videoconferencing, and cloud computing are communication technologies being used by many companies today. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Which of the following is the least accurate statement about culture? Environmental conditions may also enter as factors. Which of the following statements about today's business environments is most accurate? Another facet of the Romantic movement was an interest in folklore, which led to identifying a "culture" among non-elites. Improving employee relationships and increasing productivity Which of the following is one of the strategies [57]:19 For example, people who are raised in a culture with an abacus are trained with distinctive reasoning style. Social media are playing an increasingly prominent role in business. b. The five dimensions of culture include context, individualism, time orientation, power distance, and communication style. Every country has a unique culture or common heritage that teaches its members how to behave and conditions their reactions. Get unlimited access to over 88,000 lessons. Write each sentence in the space provided. Select an answer and submit. The theory of Hofstede's cultural dimensions constitutes a framework revolving around cross-cultural communication, which was devised by Geert Hofstede. c. Additionally, cultural ideas may transfer from one society to another, through diffusion or acculturation. (a) The EU imposes tariffs on U.S. agricultural products, (b) China limits the amount of rare-earth minerals that can be These scholars reject the abstracted postmodern aspects of cultural sociology, and instead, look for a theoretical backing in the more scientific vein of social psychology and cognitive science.[41]. When used as a count noun, a "culture" is the set of customs, traditions, and values of a society or community, such as an ethnic group or nation. Do I really want to write this message? However, there are some key differences between Japan and the other countries. mass culture). Japan, along with China and Arab countries, is a high-context culture. Psychological barriers to listening include hearing disabilities, poor acoustics, and noisy surroundings. It describes the level of explicit information and the importance of context in a . High-context cultures also value group harmony above individual achievement. After you have finished with this lesson, you should be able to: 10 chapters | High-context cultures are more likely to be intuitive . originally meant the cultivation of the soul or mind, acquires most of its later modern meaning in the writings of the 18th-century German thinkers, who were on various levels developing Rousseau's criticism of "modern liberalism and Enlightenment." According to research conducted by international business scholar Geert Hofstede, Japan is similar to China, South Korea, and India in terms of its high context culture. | Although more inclusive than earlier views, this approach to culture still allowed for distinctions between "civilized" and "primitive" or "tribal" cultures. Which of the following statements is most accurate? b. For example, the language is highly contextual, with meanings often dependent on the context in which it is used. This view comes through in the book Doing Cultural Studies: The Story of the Sony Walkman (by Paul du Gay et al. For uses in the natural sciences, see, Early researchers and development of cultural sociology, Tylor, Edward. They also depend little on the context of a situation to convey their meaning. The transnational flow of culture has played a major role in merging different cultures and sharing thoughts, ideas, and beliefs. culture? Westerners are more motivated by their successes than their failures, while East Asians are better motivated by the avoidance of failure. People are comfortable standing close to each other. [71][72][73], This article is about culture as used in the social sciences and humanities. It is also used to denote the complex networks of practices and accumulated knowledge and ideas that are transmitted through social interaction and exist in specific human groups, or cultures, using the plural form. "Tylor, Edward B(urnett)". Culture (/kltr/) is an umbrella term which encompasses the social behavior, institutions, and norms found in human societies, as well as the knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, customs, capabilities, and habits of the individuals in these groups. d. All are benefits of a diverse work environment. Group of answer choices Humans acquire culture through the learning processes of . This article will explore which of the following countries represents a high context culture, taking Japan as an example. These communicators represent what kind of culture? Which of the following countries represents a high-context culture? High context cultures are those in which communication is largely implied rather than explicit. (a) England ", "the works and practices of intellectual and especially artistic activity.". The country leans towards collectivism, and harmony within the group is important. To be cultural, to have a culture, is to inhabit a place sufficiently intensely to cultivate itto be responsible for it, to respond to it, to attend to it caringly."[8]. 35. c. refers to the degree to which a person identifies with a particular group. Which of the following countries would likely view a business contract as a binding document? The Today's use of digital media requires less written communication. CHAPTER 36: Assessment of the Hematologic Sys, Communications in Management Chapter 02: Flas, Communications in Management Chapter 01: Flas, Communications in Management Chapter 01: Prac, Literature and Composition: Reading, Writing,Thinking, Carol Jago, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses, The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, Rhetoric, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses. Cultural Dimensions and Culture Clusters: GLOBE's major premise (and finding) is that leader effectiveness is contextual, that is, it is embedded in the societal and organizational norms, values, and beliefs of the people being led. Low-Context Culture Communication & Examples | What Is Low-Context Culture? c. They also depend little. Communicators from North America, Scandinavia, and Germany tend to be logical, analytical, and action oriented. Writing is a skill set used only by managers and corporate executives. Kindly login to access the content at no cost. tolerance This E-mail is already registered with us. Chapter_01_Communicating_in_the_Digital_Age_Workplace, The purpose of this discussion is to help you use strategies to effectively communicate in a professional environment. Answer: d. All are benefits of a diverse work environment. and more. Matthew Arnold contrasted "culture" with anarchy; other Europeans, following philosophers Thomas Hobbes and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, contrasted "culture" with "the state of nature." Our Experts can answer your tough homework and study questions. Empathetic senders consider how the receiver will decode the message and try, As you first begin the composition process, which of the following questions should you ask yourself? Cultures are externally affected via contact between societies. Low-context cultures tend to be logical, analytical, action-oriented, and concerned with the individual. Organizations that have a number of standardized procedures, written rules, and clearly delineated structures; Requirement for predictability highlighting the significance of planning; Promotions depending upon age or seniority. [34][35][36][37] The term Kulturbrille, or "culture glasses," coined by German American anthropologist Franz Boas, refers to the "lenses" through which a person sees their own culture. d. On the other hand, some researchers try to look for differences between people's personalities across cultures. Answer: d. Low-context
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